Mumbai's most famous landmark, The Gateway of
India, is situated at Apollo Bunder. It was designed
by George Wikket in 1911.
It consists of a central hall with great archways,
and side halls which can accommodate 600 people.
The design, by the English architect Wittet, is
based on the 16th century Gujarat style.
The rains in Bombay, which are torrential at
times, last from June to August (Monsoon Season).
The two months - May and October - which come
immediately before and after the monsoon are inclined
to be humid and sticky. The period from November
to March is extremely pleasant, light woollens
being sometimes necessary in December and January.
Built in the Indo-saracenic style, the Gateway
of India is meant to commemorate the visit of
King George V and Queen Mary to Bombay, prior
to the Darbar in Delhi in December 1911. The foundation
stone was laid on March 31, 1911 and George Wittet's
final design sanctioned in August 1914. Between
1915 and 1919 work proceeded on reclamations at
Apollo Pier for the land on which the gateway
and the new sea wall would be built. The foundations
were completed in 1920.
The Gateway is built from yellow Kharodi basalt
and reinforced concrete. The central dome is 48
feet in diameter and 83 feet above ground at its
highest point. The whole harbour front was realigned
in order to come in line with a planned esplanade
which would sweep down to the centre of the town.
| The cost of the construction was Rs. 21
lakhs, borne mainly by the Government of India.
For lack of funds, the approach road was never
built, and the Gateway now stands at an angle
to the road leading up to it. |
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The construction was completed in 1924, and the
Gateway opened on December 4, 1924 by the Viceroy,
Earl of Reading.
The last British troops to leave India, the First
Battalion of the Somerset Light Infantry, passed
through the gate in a ceremony on February 28,
1948.
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